Scribes

"The Scribes of Baal"

I set about a journey given me several years ago. A journey which God the Most High of Heaven gave to me through the only begotten Lamb which was crucified, died as prophesied, put into a tomb and risen 3 days later. This same Lamb, the word of the law and the prophets, the full law as was written, rose on the third day and ascended to sit at the right hand of the Father, until his enemy is made his footstool. He has only one name, that name is the only name in which to enter into the Kingdom of Heaven. That name is higher than any name written. That name.....

Jesus of Nazareth,

the Son of God the Most High

Rv:19:13:

And he was clothed with a vesture dipped in blood: and his name is called The Word of God.

Rv:19:16:

And he hath on his vesture and on his thigh a name written, KING OF KINGS, AND LORD OF LORDS.

If the reader has read all preceding articles, and hold dear the written word as infallible truth and understand the great falling away that is now taking place in the world today at the time of the "One World Order" of Satan, the following will help you understand the great hoax of Judeo-Christianity, and Satan's ultimate goal to have the world bow their knees and to worship him as the King of this world.

I am about to set forth before you the entire " Program for the Jews" by Rabbi Harry Waton, in which tens of thousands of print went unto the Babylonian Talmudic Mystical Jews, around the world, during the mid 1930's.

Revelation 2:9

I know thy works, and tribulation, and poverty, (but thou art rich) and I know the blasphemy of them which say they are Jews, and are not, but are the synagogue of Satan.

Revelation 3:9

Behold, I will make them of the synagogue of Satan, which say they are Jews, and are not, but do lie; behold, I will make them to come and worship before thy feet, and to know that I have loved thee.

you may believe the great lie of Judeo Christianity if that is your choice. Many are not even aware that not only has Babylon risen from the temporary grave, but it is now flourishing in the American Christian Churches. As for me and my house we shall serve the Lord, Jesus. Even to the death, even so come quickly, Lord.

I ask that you be aware that Rabbi Waton's veiw of the Nazi's, which will alter an unthinking mind to believe that the Jews had nothing to do with the original financing of Hitler, but that he clearly makes it as though Hitler was an enemy of the Jews, as was the plan of the Holocaust writers. With careful research a man who will not reject knowledge can easily find who the backers of both Communism and Judaism Socialism were. It indeed was none other than the Babylonian- Egyptian Talmudic Mystical teachers of Zion's Quabalah.

Never be deceived, by any man. It was by this plan that acceptance of the star of Moloch was accepted by the masses. This star known today as the star of David. However King David had nothing to do with this star. This star has been destined for the Talmudic Despot, the New coming King of the Jews, who will be their Moschiach, as they rejected the true messiah, Jesus the Lord. Of course this will be the mark of his name, Baal, Moloch, or Moschiach bin David, the cosmic christ, the son of perdition.

I am no theologian, no scholar, no scribe. I have no degree, nor any pedigree. I am simply a sinner, which by no works of mine can find salvation in my flesh without the mighty counselor, Jesus. I am not listed in the who's who of America.

I am not an educated man, but find my knowledge and understanding in and through the Holy Spirit. I have found that the world is full of educated derelicts. People who have been trained but lack any common knowledge. People who call them selve's professional. Never knowing that the true professional is.....

Hebrews 3:1

Wherefore, holy brethren, partakers of the heavenly calling, consider the Apostle and High Priest of our profession, Christ Jesus;

A professor of Jesus the Lord of Lords.

I will be adding scriptural truth to the Talmudic Babylonian writings of this great intellectual derelict, Harry Waton. The truth will come from the source of the written word, infallible and of the anointed King James. You may use any bible, such as NIV if you choose, but then, you will not understand what the great falling away is, and will be lost to lies, entirely. I don't say that with any apology. It is simple fact. So be it. My writings will be included in blue font.

The notes of Peter Myers the original transcriptionist will remain untouched.

There will be included in this article excerpts from the

"Learned Elders of the Babylonian Talmudic Mystical Quabalah of Baal"

otherwise known by those who have managed to deceive millions as a forgery,

" Protocols of the Learned Elders of Zion"

Text of a 1939 book by Rabbi Harry Waton, with my notes and comments. Waton was a religious communist, and in this book he explains the Jewish worldview - the connection between Judaism as a religion, and Internationalism or Communism.

[Transcribed by Peter Myers, 21 Blair St., Watson ACT 2602 Australia, October 24, 2000. ph. +61-2-62475187, myers@cyberone.com.au. There are occasional typographical errors in the original; I have left them as they are, without correction or annotation. I have added the bold emphasis, to highlight what I judged important points. All of the footnotes have been added by me as comments.

Although the views of just one man, this book provides original and valuable insights into Zionism, Communism, Nazism, the ideas behind World War II and the Cold War, and the decisions still facing us. Waton is a lone thinker like myself, a man who acknowledges the virtues of opponents, as I try to do, a synthesiser of many traditions, as I also aim for, a prisoner of one tradition but also a fugitive from that tradition. The reader will deeply disagree with Waton on some points, will surely agree on others, and be deeply stimulated throughout. (PM)

What amazes me about Rabbi Waton, is the combination of intellectual brilliance with blinkering. He identifies with the pre-Stalin Jewish Bolsheviks yet, despite the ideological universalism he proclaims, ignores and denies the cruelty and totalitarianism of the system they created. For a Jewish source acknowledging that fact, see Benjamin Ginsberg, The Fatal Embrace, pp. 30-33 & 53-56.(PM)

From afar, I had heard of the famed Jewish intellect, and trembled before it. But the more I have examined it close-up, the more I have found that these powerful minds are devoted to propagandising; omitting part of the data, making the data fit a preconceived outlook. They are not the only ones who do this; white Europeans conquered the New World whilst bearing a universal ideology (Christianity) that contradicted their own particularism. But somehow, perhaps because of the reputation of the Jews, I expected more from them.] (PM)

A Program

FOR THE JEWS

An Answer

TO ALL ANTI-SEMITES

*Keep in mind that anti-Semite is the most effective term Baal has used for centuries to cover his deception. A true Israelite has nothing in common with a liar which call himself Jew, but a son of the synagogue of Satan.

A PROGRAM FOR HUMANITY

HARRY WATON

Published by

COMMITTEE FOR THE PRESERVATION OF THE JEWS

NEW YORK — 1939

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DEDICATED

to my beloved wife

R O S A W A T O N

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Committee for the

Preservation of the Jews

Astoria Press, N. Y. C.

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CONTENTS

•

PAGE

A Program for the Jews 9

The Economico-Political Aspect 18

How Can the Jews Meet this World Situation ................38

The Biologico-Cultural Aspect 51

And Now, What About Culture 85

The Jewish People 103

Jehovah and Judaism ..............107

Buddhism . and Christianity ..............116

The Religio-Historic Aspect ..............134

Noblesse Oblige ..............150

Judaism and Christianity ..............165

Salvation is of the Jews ..............182

Fata Volentem Ducunt, Nolentem Trahunt ..............224

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FOREWORD

Since 1914 great historic events have taken place. There was the World War, the Russian revolution, and the upheavals in Europe and elsewhere. These historic events brought to mankind disillusionment and bitter disappointment.

Preplanned for exactly that reason

The World War, which was expected to end all wars, only prepared the ground for still more frightful wars; the Russian revolution, which was expected to bring to the working masses freedom, emancipation and communism, only brought them an oppressive dictatorship, a more intense exploitation and state capitalism; and the upheavals in Europe and elsewhere, which were conceived in democracy, internationalism and socialism, only brought fascism, an insane nationalism and Hitlerism.

_____________________________________

Miriam Webster

Main Entry: fas·cism
Pronunciation: 'fa-"shi-z&m also 'fa-"si-
Function: noun
Etymology: Italian fascismo, from fascio bundle, fasces, group, from Latin fascis bundle & fasces fasces
Date: 1921
1 often capitalized : a political philosophy, movement, or regime (as that of the Fascisti) that exalts nation and often race above the individual and that stands for a centralized autocratic government headed by a dictatorial leader, severe economic and social regimentation, and forcible suppression of opposition
2 : a tendency toward or actual exercise of strong autocratic or dictatorial control <early instances of army fascism and brutality -- J. W. Aldridge>

__________________________________

And whatever these events brought to other nations, to the Jews they brought only greater misery, suffering and despair. Anti-Semitism, which before 1914 found open outbursts among backward nations and in semicivilized countries, since then has become the social philosophy and economic-political policy of the most cultured people in the most civilized countries. Modern Balaams came to the fore and, in the name of culture, religion, science, art and philosophy, endeavored to prove that the Jews and Judaism are inherently wicked and evil, and a deadly menace to the Western nations, their culture and their civilization; and that, to save the Western nations, their culture and civilization from decline and extinction, it is necessary to exterminate the Jews and Judaism. Hence the slogan: Death to the Jews and Judaism. Following up the world events, reflecting on the new philosophies that came to the fore, I convinced myself that human society is irresistibly and inevitably moving towards state capitalism and fascism. Further reflection also convinced me that this social transformation would inevitably bring upon the Jews great suffering. How could the Jews face this world situation? This question occupied my mind for the last twelve years, and these

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were to me years of intellectual and spiritual agony. At last I reached the conclusion which I embodied in a program for the Jews. Since then I often spoke on this program. When the Jews declared war against Nazi Germany and fascism, I saw that that was a suicidal policy, which would bring to the Jews infinite suffering. I spoke against that policy, but no attention was paid to it. Thus passed more than five years of ever-increasing suffering for the Jews. When the situation became so grave that the Jews themselves began to realize the gravity of the situation, the members of the Spinoza Institute of America asked me to formulate my program. In an address delivered by me before the members of the Spinoza Institute on October 23, 1938, I presented to them, in brief, my program. As a result of this address, a committee organized itself under the name: The Committee for the Preservation of the Jews, and this committee published my address under the title: A Program for the Jews. Ten thousand copies of that program were published and distributed. Thus far, this program met with universal condemnation. This I expected. But I soon realized that, if my program is to receive a more friendly hearing, it must be presented adequately. The following is a more adequate basis for my program.

The Rabbi admitted that it was the Jews who declared war on Germany. However, this will not Adolph Hitler, another son of the synagogue of Satan off the hook. But this essay will be a mind twister for those who do not understand the means which the Rabbi will attain.

Dated: Belle Harbor, New York, March 28, 1939. Harry Waton.

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A PROGRAM FOR THE JEWS

For His dominion is an everlasting dominion, and His kingdom from generation to generation; and all the inhabitants of the earth are reputed as nothing; and He doeth according to His will in the host of heaven, and among the inhabitants of the earth; and no one can stay his hand, or say unto Him; What dost Thou? —DANIEL,iv. 31-32.

1. When in 1929 our (Unites States of America) inflated prosperity burst like a soap bubble and revealed the unsoundness of our economic system, its inherent contradictions and its decay, it was universally believed that this was only a local and temporary economic disturbance, which would soon pass away, and prosperity would come to us again. Since then more than nine years passed. During these years more than a hundred billion dollars' worth of actual and potential values disappeared, tens of millions of human beings in this country suffered privation, misery and humiliation, and the government sank ever deeper into a morass of deficits. Notwithstanding all this, we still believe that the economic crisis is only of a temporary nature, which will soon pass away, and we still confidently hope for the return of prosperity in the near future. During these years, the government, the brain trusts and the leaders in industry, commerce and finance were searching for the philosopher's stone by which, they hoped, to regenerate our economic system, to revive business and to restore to us prosperity, but all in vain; the philosopher's stone was not discovered, the economic system was not regenerated, business was not revived, and prosperity did not come. All New Deal measures taken by the government proved futile, and futile they had to be; for they sought to meet what seemed !to be only a local and temporary disturbance, whereas what faced us was a universal and permanent situation. If from the beginning of the crisis, the government, the brain trusts and the leaders in in-

10 11

dustry, commerce and finance had realized that we were confronted with a universal and permanent situation, and had adopted a radical measure to meet that situation, we would have been spared infinite suffering, and now we would have been in a far better position, and the future would be bright. But we did not adopt such radical measure, because we did not understand the nature of the situation that confronted us. To adopt a radical measure implies a recognition of the fact that a revolutionary transformation of society is taking place all over the world, and this would require a change of ideas, a change of philosophy, and a change of the mode of life. But men will rather perish than change their ideas, their philosophy and their mode of life. This was the universal tragedy of mankind, this is their present tragedy, and this is also the tragedy of the Jews.

2. When Hitler came to power and began to realize in practice his anti-Semitic philosophy, the Jews believed that this was only a local and temporary political disturbance, which would soon pass away, and the Jews in Germany would again enjoy peace and security. The Jews declared war against Nazi Germany, and by means of the boycott they believed that they would destroy the Nazi power in Germany, and would restore Germany to its former state. More than six years passed since then. During these years the Jews in Germany and Austria were expropriated of their property, their possessions and their interests, they were deprived of their political and legal rights, they were humiliated and degraded, and they were subjected to infinite misery, suffering and torture. Tens of thousands of Jews in Germany and Austria were tortured in the prisons and the concentration camps, thousands of them were brutally murdered, and hundreds of them were driven to commit suicide. And outside of Germany and Austria, the position of the Jews became ever worse. Millions of Jews are now in distress and are threatened with expulsion from the countries in which they live, and this at a time when all other countries are entirely closed against them. The position of the Jews in the world is now infinitely worse than it was six years ago. Notwithstanding all this, the

Jews still believe that this is only a local and temporary political disturbance, which will soon pass away. All measures taken by the Jews to meet this seemingly local and temporary political disturbance proved futile, and futile they had to be; for these measures could not meet a situation that was universal and permanent. If from the beginning, when Hitler rose to power, the Jews had realized that they were confronted with a very serious universal and permanent situation, and they had adopted a radical program to meet this situation, they would have spared themselves infinite misery and suffering, their present position in the world would have been far better, and their future would not be so desperate. But the Jews did not adopt a radical program, because they did not understand the situation that confronted them. To adopt a radical program would imply the recognition that a revolutionary transformation of society is taking place all over the world, and this would require a change of ideas, a change of philosophy and a change of the mode of life. But, like the rest of mankind, the Jews will rather perish than change their ideas, their philosophy and their mode of life. This was the tragedy of the Jews in the past, and this is also their tragedy now.

3. During all these years I was waiting and hoping that some leader among the Jews would come to the fore with a radical program which could meet the universal and permanent situation that confronts the Jews, but in vain, no such leader came to the fore with such program. Reflecting on the Jewish question and the world situation that confronts the Jews, I crystallized a definite idea of a radical program for the Jews to meet the world situation, but I hesitated to come to the fore with this program for the following reasons. First, I am not a leader among the Jews, and I would at once be met with the old question: Who made thee a leader among the Jews ? Secondly, because my program is a radical program, requiring a change of ideas, of philosophy and of the mode of life, the Jews would not accept it. At last I was challenged to come out with my program. I regarded this challenge as a hint from destiny. The ancient Rabbis said: There where there are no men endeavor to be a

man. Since no Jewish leader comes to the fore with a radical program to meet the world situation, since I have crystallized an idea of such program, and since I was challenged to come out with my program, I decided to brush aside all considerations and present my program. I know that my program will not be accepted, and I also know that I will be condemned for this program. I will be condemned, not only by the Jews, but also by the Christians, by the communists, by the fascists, by the liberals, by the conservatives, by the reactionaries, and also by the anti-Semites; in a word I will be universally condemned; I will be universally condemned, because my program is radical, revolutionary and universal; it is a program, not only for the Jews, but for the whole human race. The Jews are not the only ones involved in this world situation, but the whole human race is involved in it. The Jewish question is really a question of the whole human race. And since my program is radical, revolutionary and universal, it will strike a fatal blow at cherished ideas, accepted philosophies, and established modes of life. Hence, in presenting my program, I face universal opposition and universal condemnation. But I am not perturbed by this, and I entertain no ill feelings against any one. I am doing my duty, and in this I am armed with the convictions: first, that my program should be accepted by non-Jews as well as Jews; Secondly though my program will be universally rejected, it will realize itself just the same. Fata volentem ducunt, nolentum trahunt. If my program be accepted, mankind will avoid infinite misery and suffering; if it will not be accepted, my program will realize itself just the same, but only after mankind will have suffered infinitely. Since I face universal opposition and universal condemnation, I feel perfectly free to say what I deem it my duty to say, leaving to destiny to determine the consequences. Again, since I do not expect that my program will be accepted, and yet I am convinced that it will be realized, my program will be in the nature of a prophecy, and I will necessarily suffer the fate of the prophet. Prudence would warn me to refrain from prophesying, but I disregard prudence, and do my duty.

4. A program to meet a universal and permanent situation must necessarily rest upon a universal philosophy. To understand my program, it is necessary to know and understand my philosophy. But within the scope of a program a universal philosophy cannot be adequately presented; all that I can do is to present as much of my philosophy as is absolutely essential to an understanding of my program. This is not to be regretted. Philosophy does not determine life, rather life determines philosophy; we do not live according to philosophy, but philosophize according to the dictates of life. All that philosophy can accomplish is to reveal to us the requirements of life; and, if we are wise, we shall then profit by the wisdom of philosophy. My program concerns the whole human race, yet I address myself principally to the Jews, for the following reasons. First, my program concerns the Jews more directly and immediately than it concerns the rest of mankind, and therefore the Jews should be the first to adopt it. Secondly, the Jews are preeminently qualified to realize a program to meet a universal and permanent situation. This, indeed, is their historic function. As in the past, so now the Jews must be the pioneers of a new philosophy of life.

5. What is the universal and permanent situation that confronts the Jews and the rest of mankind ? It is the rise and spread of fascism. I use the term fascism as comprehending nazism and communism; for, as we shall see later, they are all the same; they all mean a new social order and a new philosophy of life. Fascism is regarded by the anti-fascists as a world menace, an evil that threatens to destroy society, religion, civilization, progress, liberty, democracy and humanity. Now, whatever be the nature of an evil, to overcome it or to render it harmless, it is first necessary to understand the nature of the evil and the cause of it. If we are to overcome fascism or to render it harmless, we must first understand its nature and the cause of it. Fascism did not fall from the sky, nor was it created by Mussolini, Stalin or Hitler; fascism grew out of certain historic and economic conditions, and it has a definite historic function to perform. Assuming that fascism is what

the Jews and the anti-fascists think it is, the first thing that is incumbent upon the Jews and the anti-fascists is to understand the nature and the cause of fascism. Now, the Jews and the anti-fascists believe that they understand the nature and the cause of fascism; but, as we shall presently see, they have not the remotest idea of fascism and its cause. The very fact that the Jews and the anti-fascists believe that fascism is only a local and temporary phenomenon, and that they can destroy fascism, this alone proves that neither the Jews nor the anti-fascists understand the nature of fascism and its historic function. We shall presently see that fascism is a historic phase of social evolution through which mankind must pass, and nothing in creation can prevent this.

6. What do the Jews know about fascism? They know fascism only from their own viewpoint, only in so far as fascism affects them; and, since fascism affects them most painfully, the Jews regard fascism as a world menace. But do the Jews know fascism from the viewpoint of the fascists? To know and understand fascism from the viewpoint of the fascists, the Jews must place themselves in the position of the fascists, and from their viewpoint see fascism. The Jews must place themselves in the position of the fascists and from their viewpoint consider the Jewish question and the present social order. Have the Jews tried to understand fascism from the fascist viewpoint? Now, it is natural and easy to misunderstand an enemy and to hate him, but this does not help to overcome an enemy or render him harmless. To do this, we must transcend our emotional reactions against an enemy, and only then can we meet the enemy rationally and effectively. By barricading themselves against the understanding of fascism from the fascist viewpoint, the Jews only aggravate the situation that faces them. It is therefore of vital interest to the Jews themselves to make the supreme effort to transcend their emotional reactions against fascism and the fascists, and to endeavor to understand them. This they must do to serve their own interests. What is true of the Jews is equally true of the fascists. The fascists regard the Jews as a world menace, they are a menace to the Aryans,

their culture, their morals and their destiny. But what do the fascists know about Judaism and the Jews and their historic function? To know and understand Judaism, the Jews and their historic function, it is necessary for the fascists to place themselves in the position of the Jews, to make a deep study of Judaism, and to perceive their historic function. But the fascists barricaded themselves against this understanding. The fascists flatter themselves with the illusion that, being for the moment apparently powerful, they will succeed to destroy the Jews and Judaism. Have the fascists ever read intelligently the history of the Jews ? If they did read this history intelligently, they would see that far greater powers than the fascists have endeavored to destroy the Jews and Judaism, with the result that those mighty powers were destroyed and were forgotten, while the Jews still live and function on the historic stage, and Judaism is now as full of life as it was ever before. Are the fascists sure that they will not share the same fate as the enemies of the Jews shared all through history? Is it not in the interests of the fascists to make the supreme effort to transcend their emotional reactions against the Jews and Judaism, and endeavor to view them from the Jewish viewpoint? And now, suppose that the Jews and the fascists did achieve this, would they then understand the world situation that confronts the human race? By no means, for they would still see the situation from two opposite viewpoints; they would not see the world situation from its historic aspect, for fascism is the work of history, and has a historic function to perform. Hence we must rise still higher and see the world situation in its historic aspect. But, alas, history is still a book sealed with seven seals!

7. In the life and death struggle between the fascists and the Jews, and the great noise of them that shout with victory and of them that cry from defeat, one voice is not heard that, above all, should have been heard first, and that is the voice of history. Men plan, scheme and plot to realize their petty aims and vain ambitions. In their ignorance, they believe that they can make history as they please And, when by destiny

they are placed in a position of power, they imagine themselves to be supermen who, with impunity can disregard reason, defy justice and trample upon morality and humanity. But there is a logic of events, there is a moral order, there is a causal relation between conduct and consequence; and, above all, there is a historic destiny that overrides and overrules all plans, schemes and plots of men. What Nebuchadnezzar, what Alexander, what Caesar, what Napoleon, what Stalin, what Mussolini, and what Hitler ever realized his aims and ambitions? Hegel said: The study of history convinced him that men never learn from history. Men study history, not for the purpose of finding out the nature, course and destiny of history, so as to be able to conform with the requirements of history, but men study history to find out how they can cheat history, how they can evade the consequences of their evil deeds, how they can evade the fate that befell others like themselves. Men are like children. Children know that sickness, misfortune and death are the common lot of men, yet the children believe that they will never be sick, they will never suffer misfortune, and they will never die. In days of prosperity, men believe that they are the masters over history; but in days of adversity, they blame history, in neither case do they understand history; worse still, they deny that there is history. And so it came to pass that until now history was only a record of frustrated aims and ruined ambitions; and this will continue so long as men entertain the illusion that they can make history as they please.

8. What is history? History is the process of human existence; it is the process that realizes the predetermined destiny of mankind. Mankind are destined to attain to reason, to become rational and morally autonomous, and live in peace and enjoy happiness. This predetermined destiny is an eternal idea of God. Man started out as an animal; he passed through the stages of savagery, barbarism and reached the present state of civilization; but man will rise higher and higher until he will realize his predetermined destiny. Races, nations and peoples came and passed away, but mankind continues to live, make progress and rise ever higher towards its destiny. Did man

plan this process, did man conceive this destiny? It was God that planned the existence and the destiny of mankind. Can stupid man frustrate the plan of God? Can foolish man change the course of history? The fascists are determined to destroy the Jews and Judaism; have the fascists consulted the plan of God to find out whether they can destroy the Jews and Judaism? Suppose the fascists consulted this plan of God; suppose they convinced themselves that it is the plan of God that the Jews and Judaism are the means through whom God brings to mankind salvation, light and understanding, will the fascists still want to destroy the Jews and Judaism? Will not the fascists then realize that it is in their interests to make peace with the Jews and Judaism ? The fascists over-estimate their power, and they under-estimate the power of the Jews and Judaism. We shall see later that the Jews are far more numerous and infinitely more powerful than the fascists are. Not that the Jews fear the fascists or have reasons to fear them, but the fascists fear the Jews, and have good reason to fear them. And so, in presenting this program for the Jews, I do not face the fascists as one that has to convince them. Marx said: Him whom we seek to convince, we recognize the master of the situation. I do not recognize the fascists as the masters of the situation. On the contrary, I recognize the Jews as the masters of the situation. But I speak to the fascists, as well as to the Jews, because it is not my purpose to overcome or to defeat the fascists; my purpose is to convince the fascists that it is in their own interests to cooperate with the Jews for the common good of mankind. There is no reason why, at this stage of human progress, we should blindly repeat the tragic experiences of the past. We can and we should learn from history.

9. I will present my program in three aspects. First, an economico-political aspect. Second, a biologico-cultural aspect. Third, a religio-historic aspect. The result will be an idea of a program. I say, it will be an idea of a program, for the following reason. A radical and revolutionary program to meet a universal and permanent world situation requires the cooperation of many experts, for there are numerous economic, political, cul-

tural and religious problems that must be solved. This task is beyond the power of any one man. My aim is only to present an idea for such a program. If the idea is accepted, then it will be the task of many others to work out the details of the program. I do my duty, and leave to others to do their duty.

THE ECONOMICO-POLITICAL ASPECT.

10. What is fascism ? The first thing we shall learn about fascism is the following. Fascism is the political form of state capitalism, it is the beginning of socialism. Marx tells us: In considering a social transformation, we must disregard the ideology of men; that is, we must disregard what men think or believe concerning this social transformation. Just as our opinion of an individual is not based on what he thinks of himself, so we cannot judge a social transformation by its own consciousness. This means that, in endeavoring to understand the nature and historic function of fascism, we must disregard what the fascists and the anti-fascists think of fascism, or they think of one another, but we must endeavor to understand the historic significance of fascism, what does history accomplish by fascism. Fascism appears to the anti-fascists to be an evil, but this is due entirely to the fact that the anti-fascists do not understand fascism. Spinoza tells us that, when we adequately understand an evil, it ceases to be an evil. It is the same with fascism. When we adequately understand fascism, it ceases to be an evil. We shall see later that the Jews have no reason to be opposed to fascism.

11. In his message to Congress, delivered January 4, 1939, President Roosevelt spoke of the imperative necessity to be prepared for the impending struggles between the fascist countries and the democratic countries. Among others, he said the following: "The deadline of danger from within and from without is not within our control." This is an admission that we are not the masters over history. Then President Roosevelt spoke of the need to change our policy, so that we should be able to solve the problem of unemployed labor and unemployed

capital, and said the following: "Dictatorships do this by main force. By using main force, they apparently succeeded at it— for the moment. However we abhor their method we are compelled to admit that they have obtained substantial utilization of all their material and human resources. Like it or not, they have solved, for a time at least, the problem of idle men and idle capital. Can we compete with them by boldly seeking methods of putting idle men and idle capital together and, at the same time, remain within our American way of life, within the Bill of Rights, and within the bounds of what is, from our viewpoint, civilization itself? Reflect on this. After nine years of suffering and after we have experimented with various New Deal measures, we are compelled to compete with the fascist countries and their methods! President Roosevelt asked the question: can we solve the problem of unemployment of labor and capital in our American way? He did not answer the question, but history already answered this question and the answer is: we shall be compelled to adopt fascist methods to meet the world situation that confronts us. A revolutionary transformation of society takes places all over the world; it is an economic, political and social transformation; it is the passing away of the present social order and the coming of a new social order. The present social order rests on private capitalism, but private capitalism can no longer function, it can no longer meet the social requirements, it can no longer employ the working class and the accumulated capital, and therefore it no longer has any historic reason for existence. In this country alone, tens of millions of workers have been and still are out of employment and had to be sustained on state relief; billions of dollars are hoarded and lie idle, because there is no longer any room for their safe and profitable investment; production is curtailed, products are destroyed, inventions are held back, and machines and factories are idle, business is groaning under an ever-increasing burden of taxation, the government is piling up mountains of debts, and on the top of all this the government is compelled to spend billions of dollars on war preparations. How long can such a system exist? Mene, mene, tekel, upharsin: private

capitalism was weighed in the historic balance, it was found wanting, and it was decreed that it be retired from the stage of history. Private capitalism is dying, and in the near future it will be dead. It will either die peacefully and get an honorable burial, or it will die through wars and revolutions. With the death of private capitalism will also die all political and social institutions resting on private capitalism and organically bound up with it. And what is true of this country. is even more so true of all other countries. And just as nature abhors a vacuum, so history abhors a hiatus. What system shall take the place of private capitalism?

12. If at this time the international proletariat were class conscious, revolutionary and organized, they would come to the fore, they would take in hand the land and the mechanism of production and distribution, they would use them in an organized, rational and just manner, and thus they would establish socialism. Once socialism has been established, and all future social evolution would be towards a human society resting on universal communism. Only then will all social problems be solved. But the working class is not yet prepared to perform this historic function. We have then this situation. Private capitalism can no longer function, and socialism is yet impossible. What course is open for history ? There is only this course open for history, namely, to call upon the state and do that which the working class should have done. The state must take in hand the land and the mechanism of production and distribution, and it must determine their use in accordance with a national plan. When a state, in addition to its political function, also assumes the economic function, the state becomes the capitalist, and w e have state capitalism. State capitalism may come from below through a bloody revolution, as was the case in Soviet Russia; or it may come from above, as will likely be the case in this country, it is state capitalism just the same. Again, the state may become the absolute owner of the land and the mechanism of production and

distribution, as it is in Soviet Russia; or the state may content itself only with the absolute control of the land and the mechanism of production and distribution, it is state capitalism just the same: for he who absolutely controls the means of life actually owns them, although nominally they belong to private individuals. Again, the power of the state may be concentrated in the hands of one dictator, as in the case in Soviet Russia; or the power of the state is concentrated in the hands of a dictatorial oligarchy, as is likely to be the case in this country, it is state capitalism just the same, for even a dictatorial oligarchy is governed by an absolute dictator. Clothed with unlimited political and economic power, the state becomes supreme and absolute. A supreme and absolute state cannot tolerate any independence of the people. The state will subordinate to its rule all religious, intellectual, political and social institutions and functions; the state will dictate what to do, how to do, what to think and what to believe. The only right that will be reserved to the individual will be the right to work for the state upon terms and conditions determined by the state, and the only freedom that the individual will be permitted to enjoy will be the freedom to live and die for the state. State capitalism is, as the name implies, still capitalism, but in state capitalism the state is the capitalist. The state will exploit the working class, the state will employ the capitalists as salaried officials, and all will be the servants of the state. We need not speculate on the nature of state capitalism- we see its nature in Soviet Russia. The essence of a reality is its form; destroy its form, and the reality itself is destroyed. This is true of organizations and of states. Every state has a form peculiar to its nature. Destroy the form of a state, and the state itself is destroyed. The form of a state is political in its nature, and the form of state capitalism is fascism. Fascism, then, is the political form of state capitalism. Fascism in its very nature is a dictatorship. The dictatorship may be in the name of the proletariat, or in the name of the people, or in the name of a constitution, it is a dictatorship just the same. State capitalism is thus inevitable, and it follows that fascism is inevitable. The revolutionary transformation of society that now takes place all over the world is the transformation of society into state capitalism and fascism. This is

the world situation that confronts the Jews and the rest of the human race. Since state capitalism and fascism are historically inevitable, we must accept them and readjust ourselves accordingly.

13. Naive Americans believe that what happened in Soviet Russia, Nazi Germany and Fascist Italy will not happen here. This is an illusion: what happened there is already happening here; we are already waist-deep in state capitalism and fascism. De te fabula narratur! Naive Americans still believe in the rights guaranteed to them by the Constitution, but they do not realize that the Constitution has already fundamentally changed its character. President Roosevelt may honestly believe that he is not a dictator, and he may sincerely hate dictatorship; yet, from day to day, he becomes ever more and more a dictator. And what Roosevelt does with more or less of self-restraint, his successors will do without any self-restraint. State capitalism and fascism are as inevitable in this country as they are in other countries. All that is necessary that in this country state capitalism and fascism shall be completely established is a national emergency or a war. Once such national emergency or war comes—-and it will inevitably come in the near future— and in this country we shall have the state capitalism and fascism that we see in Soviet Russia or Nazi Germany. The government in this country has already worked out a complete plan for the mobilization of the industries and the working class, and of using them under state control. Once state capitalism and fascism have been established in this country, they will remain established for a long time to come, for state capitalism, as we shall presently see, has a great historic function to perform. Hence we must no longer entertain the illusion that we can regenerate private capitalism and its institutions, but we must prepare ourselves to live under state capitalism and be ruled by fascism. This implies a change of ideas, a change of philosophy, and a change of the mode of life. But, oh, this is very hard ! Hence we struggle against this inevitable necessity. But can we successfully struggle against a historic necessity? Those that struggle against history are destroyed by history.

This is the world situation that faces mankind.

14. Fascism is the political form of state capitalism, and this means the beginning of socialism. For nearly a century, socialists demanded government ownership and control of the land and the means of production and distribution, but the socialists did not realize that this means state capitalism and fascism. And now that they see their ideal realized, they do not recognize it and hate it. But this is neither unusual nor remarkable; naive persons are usually disappointed in their ideals, when they realize themselves. In their naive dreams the socialists imagined a socialism in which the working class is in power; and, naively assuming that the working class, just as they are, are already prepared to own and control the production and the distribution of the means of life, the working class will perform this function in a rational and democratic manner. How naive all this was! The socialists never understood history, and they never knew the working class. For thousands of years the working class were kept back in ignorance, dependence and slavery. What do the workers know about organizing the production and the distribution of the means of life? Are they able to organize themselves? Countless numbers of times workers tried to organize production and distribution, and they invariably failed. After bitter experiences, they preferred to go back to the capitalists to be exploited by them. At last came the Russian revolution and the great experiment was made. A bloody war followed by the greatest revolution known to history destroyed the old social order and exterminated the capitalists and the land magnates. The terrain was cleared for the working class to establish themselves in power and to organize production and distribution upon a socialist and democratic basis. And yet, what was the result? In spite of the superhuman effort to realize this idea, we have in Soviet Russia nothing else than state capitalism and fascism. In Soviet Russia the workers are exploited and oppressed as they never were in any capitalist country. This was inevitable, and it will remain inevitable until such time as the working class will grow up and become mature enough to per-

form this historic function; then, and not until then, will the dream of socialism be realized. But until then, only state capitalism and fascism will be possible and therefore inevitable. But state capitalism and fascism are the beginning of socialism. As the socialists and the communists are themselves in the dark on this subject, we must consider this aspect of the matter fundamentally.

15. We will begin with the consideration of the political form of state capitalism. According to Marx and the Marxists, socialism is only a transitory state between the state of capitalism and the state of communism. What will be the political form of the state during this transitory state ? Marx gave the answer:

"Between the capitalist and the communist system of

society lies the period of the revolutionary transformation

of the one into the other. This corresponds to a political

transition period, whose State can be nothing else but the

revolutionary dictatorship of the proletariat."

Lenin explained the nature of the dictatorship of the proletariat and the reason for its existence as follows. Socialism is only a transitory state of society. When in a proletarian revolution the capitalist class is overthrown and the proletariat becomes the ruling class, this will not mean that all opposition to socialism has been overcome. To sustain themselves in power, the proletariat will have to suppress the capitalist class and all others who do not accept the socialist order of society. This will be the dictatorship of the proletariat. This dictatorship will exist until all opposition to the socialist order has been completely overcome, and then the dictatorship of the proletariat will wither away. Since Lenin and the Russian revolution much has been said and written about the dictatorship of the proletariat, and yet thus far no one perceived the inherent contradiction which makes the dictatorship of the proletariat impossible. Who is the proletariat? The proletariat is the class of proletarians. Who is a proletarian ? A proletarian is a worker who owns neither the land nor the means nor the conditions to labor, all that he owns is his naked labor power which he must sell to

the capitalist that he may exist. The capitalist buys the labor power of the worker on the conditions, first, that the worker should submit to the mastery of the capitalist; secondly, that the worker should submit to the exploitation by the capitalist. Hence during the existence of capitalism, the proletariat is dictated and exploited by the capitalist class. Now, assume that a proletarian revolution took place, and the proletariat became the ruling class. Whereas before there was a dictatorship of the capitalist class over the proletariat, now we have a dictatorship of the proletariat over the capitalist class; and, whereas before the capitalist class owned and controlled the land and the means of production and distribution, now the proletariat owns and controls them. And now this question arises: When the proletariat has become the ruling class and owns and controls the land and the means of production and distribution, is it still a proletariat? It is clear that the moment the proletariat becomes the ruling class and owns and controls the land and the means of production and distribution, that very moment the proletariat ceases to be a proletariat, there is no longer any proletariat. We have then the following situation. Before the proletarian revolution, the proletariat was dictated by the capitalist class, after the revolution there is no longer any proletariat to dictate. The dictators now are no longer proletarians, but rulers and owners of the land and the means of production and distribution. Hence, a dictatorship of the proletariat is a contradiction in terms and impossible; it is like a square circle, which is impossible. And now the question arises: How could Marx speak of a dictatorship of the proletariat, and how could Lenin and others accept it ? The answer is: Marx uttered a historic truth, but neither he nor all other Marxists understood it. What is this historic truth? This is the truth: A dictatorship of the proletariat is impossible, but a dictatorship in the name of the proletariat is possible, and such dictatorship now exists.

16. What sort of a dictatorship is it? This is the dictatorship of state capitalism. State capitalism is still capitalism, it has all the characteristics of capitalism. It rests upon the ex-

ploitation and suppression of the working class, the wages system exists, money exists, and the proletariat exists. Whereas before the proletariat was exploited and dictated by the capitalist class, now it is exploited and dictated by the state. Now, in all forms of society in which there were classes and class struggles, and in which one class exploited and dictated another class, the state ruled and dictated in the name of some body or something. In a monarchy, the state ruled in the name of God or in the name of the divine annointed; in a democracy, the state ruled and dictated in the name of the people; and in state capitalism the state rules and dictates in the name of the proletariat. In state capitalism the state rules and dictates in the name of the proletariat, because the state derives its main support from the proletariat. In any period, when the state assumes the power over the mechanism of production and distribution, the state must overcome the capitalist and owning classes, and for this purpose the state must appeal to the proletariat for support. The state then favors the proletariat as against the capitalist class, and the proletariat then supports the state against the capitalist class. We see this process going on now in this country. President Roosevelt and his administration move into the direction of state capitalism. To overcome the determined opposition of the capitalists and the magnates of wealth and power, the government in this country favors the working class, and for this reason the working class in this country is behind the government. And so between the upper and the nether mill stones, the capitalist class is grounded into dust and powder and is annihilated. Once state capitalism is fully established, the state then rules and dictates in the name of the proletariat; it rules and dictates the proletariat itself in the name of the proletariat. This is what is actually the case in Soviet Russia, and this will be the case in all other countries to the extent that state capitalism becomes established. Hence a dictatorship of the proletariat is nothing else than a dictatorship over the proletariat as well as over other classes, but in the name of the proletariat. What follows? We saw that the political form of the social order which will intervene

between capitalism and communism will be a dictatorship of the proletariat; and we also saw that this intervening social order will be socialism, it follows that state capitalism is nothing else than the beginning of socialism. And, when Marx and others believed that this will actually be a dictatorship of the proletariat, they were deceived; but, though they were deceived, history was not deceived. And that history was not deceived will become clear from the language which history spoke through Marx himself.

17. In the Communist Manifesto, Marx formulates a program which the proletariat will follow when it becomes the ruling class. Marx tells us: We have seen above that the first step in the revolution by the working class is to raise the proletariat to the position of ruling class, to win the battle of democracy. The proletariat will use its political supremacy to wrest, by degrees, all capital from the bourgeoisie, to centralize all instruments of production in the hands of the state, i.e., of the proletariat organized as the ruling class; and to increase the total of productive forces as rapidly as possible. Let us consider what Marx tells us here. The transition of society from a capitalist order into a communist order cannot be accomplished by one stroke; even a world proletarian revolution cannot accomplish this. To accomplish this, it will be necessary not only to reconstruct the whole social foundation, but it will also be necessary to construct a new social superstructure and to change completely the human attitude towards life and society. This transformation will necessarily take a long time. Between the social order resting on private capitalism and the establishment of universal communism there will necessarily be an intervening social order which Marx called lower communism, but which is generally called socialism. Socialism will necessarily partake of the nature of capitalism, but its aim w ill be communism. When the proletariat, through a proletarian revolution, comes into power, it will wrest, by degrees, all capital from the capitalist class, and will centralize all instruments of production in the hands of the State and will increase the total productive forces of society. All this will be accomplished by

degrees, and not all at once. Notice carefully this. Marx does not say that the proletariat will use its political supremacy to centralize all instruments of production in the hands of the working class or in the hands of society, but in the hands of the State. This is very significant. We are not yet dealing with an organized working class or an organized society, but we are dealing with a State. And may the State be a proletarian state, a capitalist state, a feudal state, or a state of any kind it is a state; it is an impersonal power that rules over the people or over the working class. Hence the coming of the proletariat to political power only means the coming into existence of a proletarian state. Since, however, as we just saw, the proletariat cannot rule and dictate, it follows that the proletariat, on coming into political power, can bring out only a state which will rule and dictate the proletariat as well as all other classes.

18. Marx tells us further: Abolition of property in land, and application of all rents of land to public purposes. Now, Marx himself showed that rent is nothing else than a part of the profits extorted from the working class through exploitation. We assumed that, through a revolution, the proletariat became the ruling class and the owner of the land and the means of production and distribution. How does rent now come into existence? Rent implies money, and money implies wages, and wages imply exploitation: all this Marx himself taught us. Thus we see that, even after the proletariat has become the ruling class, there will be a proletariat and it will be exploited. And this we actually have in Soviet Russia.

Next Marx tells us: A heavy progressive or graduated income tax. What are taxes, and what is income tax ? Taxes like rent, are only a part of the profits extorted from the working class by exploitation. And so, again, we have money, wages and exploitation. Next, who pays income tax ? Not the worker, but the exploiter. And so we see that, even after a proletarian revolution, there will exist exploitation and an exploited proletariat. And this is what we have in Soviet Russia.

Again, Marx tells us: Abolition of all rights of inheritance.

Of what kind of inheritance does Marx speak? Suppose a worker dies, will his personal belonging pass over to the State, and not to his children? This is not what Marx contemplates. Marx means those possessions of an individual which are more than of a personal nature. Property which is more than of a personal nature is nothing else than property of a profit-bearing nature. The State may own and control all land and all means of production and distribution, and the State may monopolize all banks, all industries and all commerce, yet there will be individuals who will own shares in all the State enterprises and economic functions, and which ownership will yield them during their lifetime a share in the State profits. And so, even after a proletarian revolution, there will be rich and poor. And this, again, is what we have in Soviet Russia.

Marx tells us further: Confiscation of the property of all emigrants and rebels. The property of the rebels was always confiscated by the State. But what property of rebels and emigrants is here meant? Not property of a personal nature, but property of a profit-bearing nature. Next to such property, rich individuals will be allowed to own mansions, estates, and the like. And so the same old story will be repeated. The rich will live in mansions, and the poor, unlike the foxes that have holes and the birds that have nests, have nowhere to lay their head. And this, again, is what we see now in Soviet Russia.

Further: Centralization of credit in the hands of the State by means of national banks with State capital, and an exclusive monopoly. See what we have here: credit, bank, capital and monopoly ! We have here a regular capitalist system. We have here money, wages, exploitation and an exploited proletariat, and all these after the proletariat has become the ruling class! The capital is monopolized by the State, the national banks belong to the State, the national credit is owned and controlled by the State, and the State has an exclusive monopoly of commerce. All this is owned and controlled by the State, not by the people, not by the working class, and not by society. All this we have now in Soviet Russia.

Again: Centralization of the means of communication and transport in the hands of the State. Again, in the hands of the State, and not in the hands of the people, of the working class or of society. This, too, is what we have now in Soviet Russia.

Extension of factories and instruments of production owned by the State; the bringing into cultivation of waste lands, and the improvement of the soil generally in accordance with a common plan. Again, the State, and not the people, the working class or society.

Equal liability of all to labor. Establishment of industrial armies, especially for agriculture. Think of it: industrial armies ! An army is an army, whether it is an industrial army or a military army; an army is subject to military rule and discipline. Have we not such industrial armies in Soviet Russia? Have we not now in Soviet Russia armies of laborers watched over by soldiers with bayonets? Have we not now in Soviet Russia armies of prison labor? Are not roads, canals, and all sorts of Dnieprostroys, and all kinds of Stroys performed by prison labor surrounded by soldiers with bayonets?

Finally, free education for all children in public schools. Abolition of children's factory labor in its present form. Combination of education with industrial production. Now, children get free education in all advanced capitalist countries. Child labor in the form that prevailed in Europe in the year 1848 when Marx wrote the Communist Manifesto, was already abolished in all advanced capitalist countries; yet Marx contemplates child labor even after the proletariat has come to power. And this, again, we see now in Soviet Russia.

19. What does all this signify ? It signifies that Marx contemplated nothing else than state capitalism. He called it lower communism, others called it socialism, but it is nothing else than state capitalism. True enough, Marx and others did not expect state capitalism to turn out to be what we see it to be in Soviet Russia and Nazi Germany, but this was due to the fact that they over-estimated the working class; they thought the working class was prepared for this great historic function,

and now we see that it will yet take a long time before the working class will be prepared to take in hand the land and the means of production and distribution and use them rationally and in a democratic manner. But, whatever Marx and others expected is of no consequence; of consequence is what life and history say, and they tell us that the only social order that can take the place of the present social order is a social order resting on state capitalism, having fascism as its political form. Now, state capitalism will necessarily assume in different countries different aspects, just as private capitalism assumed in different countries different aspects; all depending upon economic and historic conditions and the degree of development of the nation. It is certain that state capitalism in this country will not be as crude and brutal as it is in Soviet Russia and Nazi Germany. And this state capitalism is nothing else than the beginning of socialism. Stalin and Hitler made the wonderful discovery that socialism can be realized in one country, though all other countries may yet be in a state of private capitalism or even feudalism. And so, Stalin tells us that in Soviet Russia they already realized socialism, and now are building for communism; and, likewise, Hitler tells us that in Nazi Germany they have realized socialism. In both countries we have national socialism. All right, if the Stalins and the Hitlers prefer to call it socialism, we will accept their words, and we too will call it socialism. But a name does not change the character of a thing. Call it socialism, if you like, but it is state capitalism. Marx made this perfectly clear. Socialism means nothing less than the abolition of the wages system, the abolition of exploitation, and the abolition of the proletariat. Since, however, in Soviet Russia and Nazi Germany we have the wages system, exploitation and the proletariat, we have in these countries state capitalism, and this state capitalism is the beginning of socialism. Only upon the basis of state capitalism will socialism become possible. Now, naive doctrinaires tell us that the Stalins and the Hitlers perverted the doctrines of Marxism. How naive this is! If anything Marx made perfectly clear it is this: a social order cannot be charmed into existence by recipes and doctrinaire

formulas. Suppose these doctrinaire revolutionaries were in the places of the Stalins and the Hitlers, what social order would they establish? Men that could not hold on to power, when a revolution brought them to power, such men would not be able to accomplish even as much as the Stalins and the Hitlers accomplished? Hence we must pay no attention to what these naive doctrinaires tell us, and we must consider soberly what life and history tell us, and they tell us that only state capitalism can take the place of private capitalism. State capitalism has a great function to perform, and one of its functions is to prepare the world for socialism. This is the reason why state capitalism is the beginning of socialism. Stalin and Hitler are right, when they tell us that in Soviet Russia and Nazi Germany they have already socialism, but they forget to tell us that they have only the beginning of socialism. With this correction, what they tell us is true. And now we must go a step further and see what historic function state capitalism has yet to perform before socialism will be realized.

20. Marx said: No social order ever disappears before all the productive forces, for which there is room in it, have been fully developed; and new higher relations of production never appear before the material conditions of their existence have matured in the womb of old society. Marx utters here a profound truth, and we must endeavor to understand it. By the productive forces, Marx means the working class and the means of production; by the relations of production, Marx means the property relations. If the land and the means of production are owned and controlled by private capitalists, then the working class is necessarily converted into a class of proletarians, who own nothing else than their labor power, which they must sell to the capitalists, and must submit to exploitation and dictatorship by the capitalist class. On the other hand, if the land and the means of production will be owned and controlled by the working class, then there will be the state of socialism, and then there will no longer be exploitation and a proletariat. According to the above statement of Marx, capitalism will not disappear before the working class and the mechanism of productions have

been fully developed: and socialism will not appear, before the material conditions for its existence have matured in the womb of capitalism. Now, what are the conditions to the existence of socialism ? A beginning of socialism may exist in one country, but socialism as a social order can exist only upon an international basis, only when most of the advanced countries have established socialism. Likewise, that socialism may be realized, the working class of the most advanced countries must be ready, able and willing to take in hand the land and the means of production and distribution, and use them in a rational, organized and democratic manner. This means that, in order that socialism may be realized, most of the earth must be conquered for progress and civilization, and most of the workers in the advanced countries must become rational and capable of producing the means of life in a rational and democratic manner. Now, what are the conditions before us ? Thus far, only one-fifth of the earth was conquered for progress and civilization: four-fifths of the earth are still in a backward state. Next, the great mass of workers, even in the most advanced countries, are yet in a state of ignorance and unconsciousness; they are still de-humanized and degraded slaves, and are yet wholly unfit for rational cooperation. And the small fraction of so-called revolutionary workers are split up into thousands of fractions, and are ready to destroy one another. Thus we see that neither the material conditions nor the working class are yet prepared for socialism. It is the historic function of state capitalism to prepare the material conditions and the working class for socialism. And this will take a long time. Hence, state capitalism will exist for a long time. If state capitalism will not be able to perform its historic function, then the present social order will be destroyed, and mankind will revert back to barbarism, and then begin the historic cycle all over again. Now, whatever be the outcome of the revolutionary transformation that now takes place all over the world, this is certain: that we are entering into an era of state capitalism and fascism. In different countries, state capitalism and fascism will assume, more or less, different forms, but essentially they will be the same. Viewing

the revolutionary transformation of society that goes on all over the world from the economical and political aspect, Soviet Russia and Nazi Germany are the same in essence and historic tendency. Soviet Russia, the child of a complete revolution, is more complete in form than Nazi Germany, which is still in the middle of the revolutionary transformation.

21. Now, the communists and the fascists will emphatically deny this; they will insist that, even economically and politically, Soviet Russia and Nazi Germany are absolutely different from each other. Well, let them deny, but we know the truth and the facts. Viewing both countries from the economical and political aspect, what is the difference between Soviet Russia and Nazi Germany, excepting that the former is more advanced than the latter? Let us consider a few facts. In both countries there is an absolute dictatorship over the proletariat and the people; Hitler in Germany is deified as much as Stalin is in Russia; in both countries the individual was completely subordinated to the state; in both countries all political rights and freedoms of the individual have been abolished; in both countries the state is supreme economically as well as politically; in both countries the state determines production and distribution; in both countries the children are trained and disciplined for the state, in both countries the children are taught to disregard parents and obey the state; in both countries the children are taught to spy on the parents and to report to the state. And, when we disregard nonessential differences, in both countries they have the same philosophy. And what is true of these two countries is, in a greater or lesser degree, also true of Fascist Italy, and all other countries that fall in line. But, I am asked, if Soviet Russia and Nazi Germany are economically and politically the same, why are they deadly enemies of each other; why are the Russian communists and the German nazis deadly enemies of one another and ready to destroy one another. Does this prove that economically and politically Soviet Russia and Nazi Germany are different ? That this question is at all asked is proof of the thoughtlessness of those that raise this question. Before, however, I answer this question, I want to put to the communists

and the nazis a few questions, and let them answer these questions. The Stalinites and the Trotzkyites are both communists, Marxists, revolutionaries; both had the same origin, the same revolutionary struggles, both were identified in the Russian revolution and the building up of Soviet Russia, and both have the same aim. Why, then, are they deadly enemies of one another? Why are they ready to unite, even with the German nazis, to destroy one another ? Can the communists and the nazis answer this question? Again, the Catholics and the Protestants are both Christians, both had the same origin, both had the same history and the same traditions, both believe in Jesus and both recognize the New Testament. Why, then, about four hundred years ago the Catholics and the Protestants were involved in a life and death struggle and were determined to destroy one another? And even now, though between the Catholics and the Protestants there is an apparent peace and reconciliation, all this is only apparent; in reality there is latent among them the possibility of another life and death struggle in the near future. Why is this so? Can the communists and the nazis explain this? Again, the capitalists and the capitalist countries have always been at war with one another, and the recent World War was a war between capitalist countries. Since they were all capitalists and capitalist countries, why were they at war with one another? Whatever be the answer which the communists and the nazis will give to these questions will also be the answer to the question, why the communists and the nazis are at war with one another. There are differences between Soviet Russia and Nazi Germany which make them deadly enemies of one another, though economically and politically they are the same. Soviet Russia has more land and raw materials than it needs, while Nazi Germany has not enough land and has still less of the raw materials. If the communists were true communists, and not fascists parading as communists, then they would share with the German people the great abundance of land and raw materials which they possess in Soviet Russia. In turn, the German people would place their great knowledge, technique and discipline at the services of the Russian people; and thus

both would benefit, and they would be the best of friends. But the communists are only fascists and nationalists; they are like the nazis, and between fascists there will necessarily be war and struggle about land and raw materials.

22. Men are thinking and speaking beings. Whatever men do is preceded and accompanied by thought and speech. Hegel said: In a reflecting and reasoning age, a man is not worth much who cannot give a good reason for everything, no matter how bad or how crazy. Everything in the world that has been done wrong, has been done for the best of reasons. Between Soviet Russia and Nazi Germany a war is impending, unless they come to terms in a peaceful manner. It is therefore natural that either side to the struggle should justify itself in advance by good reasons. The nazis want to tear off from Soviet Russia the Ukraina, and therefore they must give a reason for this, and here is the reason. The communists are Marxists, bolshevists internationalists, Jews, enemies of the Aryans and their culture; Soviet Russia is ruled by Jews and barbarians that are incapable of culture. Are not these good reasons why the German people, the chosen people, the highest cultured people of the highest Aryan race; are not all these good reasons why the German people are entitled to Ukraina? In turn, the Russian rulers do not want to share their abundance of land and raw materials with the German people, therefore they must give a good reason why they should not act communistically. The nazis are fascists, reactionaries, enemies of the working class, they are the bulwark of capitalism, they are barbarians; are not these good reasons why the nazis should not be permitted to share in the bounties enjoyed by the Russian people? But, when we examine the matter soberly and closely, we see that they are birds of a feather, though as yet they do not flock together. We need not deceive ourselves by their ideologies and what they say about one another. The communism that exists in Soviet Russia is only fascism, and is like the fascism that exists in Nazi Germany, both hate democracy, both stand for dictatorship, both are imperialistic, both seek to dominate the whole earth and the whole human race, both carry on the same propaganda and in the same

manner. Soviet Russia is the fatherland for all communists in the world, no matter where they are, and all communists owe primary allegiance to Soviet Russia. Likewise, Nazi Germany is the fatherland for all nazis in the world, no matter where they are, and they owe primary allegiance to Nazi Germany. In both countries blood purges take place, in both countries there are concentration camps and prisons where millions of men and women are tortured for no other sins than suspicions that they do not recognize the divinity of Stalin or Hitler, in both countries labor is conscripted, in both countries the real owner and master over the land, production and distribution is the state. In other words, in both countries we have state capitalism and fascism. This means that economically and politically both countries are the same. Still more, when we look into the matter still deeper, we see that Nazi Germany is only an imitation of Soviet Russia. The nazis in Germany have adopted the philosophy, the policy and the methods of Soviet Russia; nazism in Germany is what bolshevism is in Russia; in Russia the bolshevik revolution has already accomplished its task, while in Germany the bolshevik revolution is still performing its task. But it is urged: Nazi Germany is anti-Semitic, while Soviet Russia is not anti-Semitic. First, we must be clear about this. I speak here of the economico-political aspect of both countries, and in this respect both countries are the same. But nazism differs from fascism in this, that nazism, in addition to its being fascism. is also anti-Semitic. Of this I will speak later. We will then see that anti-Semitism is not an essential characteristic of fascism. The proof of this is Italy. Until recently, Fascist Italy was not anti-Semitic. It became recently anti-Semitic, first, because the Jews carried out a world struggle against the fascists; and, secondly, because Italy became an ally of Nazi Germany. But, viewing the world situation in its economico-political aspect, we see that state capitalism and fascism will take the place of private capitalism and democracy all over the world. This is the world situation that faces the Jews.

HOW CAN THE JEWS MEET THIS WORLD

SITUATION ?

They cry from the storm: Watchman, how much yet of the night; watchman, how much yet of the night; Said the watchman: the morning, will surely come, but it is yet night. If you are seriously inquiring, return to your task, you will surely reach your goal.

—ISAIAH 21.

23. State capitalism and fascism are the new social order which will spread over the whole earth, and this social order will exist for centuries. No power in creation can stop this social transformation. In fighting against state capitalism and fascism, men are fighting against history; and he who fights against history is destroyed by history. State capitalism can be fought only with state capitalism, and fascism can be fought only with fascism. The democratic countries, in fighting against state capitalism and fascism, will be compelled to become fascistic and establish state capitalism. The question, then is: Can the Jews fight against state capitalism and fascism ? Can the Jews rely upon the existing democratic countries? We saw how in a few months democratic countries became fascistic; we saw how upholders of democracy, who were ready to die for democracy, over night became fascists, and turned against their own democracy. The Jews cannot rely on any one, not even on their best friends; as in the past, so now and in the future, the Jews will have to fight single-handed for their existence. Can the Jews fight against a world situation to which the mighty nations and powers succumb ? Now, in the case of the other nations, they fight for something positive; they fight for their country, their institutions, their sovereignty, and their economic and political positions in the world; but for what can the Jews fight? The Jews have no country, they have no economic and political position in the world, they have no government of their own, and they have no institutions of their own. All that the Jews can fight for is private capitalism and a dying democracy. And, strange, while the mighty nations succumb to state capi-

talism and fascism, the Jews persist to fight against them. It is too late now to consider the relative value of private capitalism; private capitalism is doomed, and in the near future it will die and be buried. And the same is true of democracy; it is dying, and in the near future, it will be dead and buried. Facing this universal and permanent world situation, the Jews have only this course to follow: to give up the struggle against state capitalism and fascism, and to reconcile themselves with them. This means that the Jews must give up their struggle against Nazi Germany and fascism, they must give up the boycott against Nazi Germany, and make up their mind that they must change their ideas, their philosophy and their mode of life to conform with the new social order. This will be much harder for the Jews than for the other nations, but for this they must blame themselves. By carrying on a war against Nazi Germany and fascism, the Jews aggravated the situation for themselves and for this they must suffer. But may the task that presents itself to the Jews be ever so hard and painful, they have no alternative: either they readjust themselves to the new social order, or the new social order will destroy them. In reconciling themselves with Nazi Germany and fascism, the Jews must be honest and open, for they are dealing here with history itself. This, then, is the first step in the program: the Jews must reconcile themselves with Nazi Germany, Fascist Italy and fascism generally.

24. But it will be asked: how can the Jews reconcile themselves with nazism and fascism that are brutal, inhuman and reactionary; how can they reconcile themselves with the nazis and the fascists who are determined to destroy the Jews? Assuming that the Jews will reconcile themselves with Nazi Germany and fascism generally, will that change the attitude of the nazis and the fascists towards the Jews, will they then give up their determination to destroy the Jews? Granting that whatever the Jews will do to reconcile themselves with nazism and fascism will not have any effect on the nazis and the fascists, what will the Jews gain by this ? The Jews will gain much, as we shall presently see. State capitalism and fascism are the new social order all over the world. Nazi Germany

and Fascist Italy are not the whole earth, and the German nazis and the Italian fascists are not the whole human race. Since state capitalism and fascism will become the social order for all nations all over the world, by reconciling themselves with state capitalism and fascism, the Jews will reconcile themselves with the new social order that comes into existence in all other countries. And so, even if the Jews will forever lose Germany and Italy, they will gain for themselves the rest of the world. For instance, the United States is fast entering into state capitalism and is becoming fascistic. President Roosevelt, whether he is conscious of it or not, is a Stalin or a Hitler in the making. In the event of a national emergency or war—which is bound to come in the near future—it is inevitable that Roosevelt, or whoever may be then President, will assume dictatorial power, and he will become a dictator like Stalin or Hitler. This is inevitable. What are the Jews to do, fight against this inevitability? This will be suicide. The only course that Jews in this country can rationally follow is to recognize this inevitability and accept it For instance, it is likely that President Roosevelt will be required by the Democratic Party to serve a third term. The Republicans and the magnates of capital will mobilize all forces to prevent the re-election of Roosevelt, and they will invoke all arguments against state capitalism and dictatorship, and will fight in the name of the Constitution, democracy, liberty and the traditions of this country. Notwithstanding all this, Roosevelt will be again re-elected, and it will be of infinite benefit to this country that he be re-elected, for this reason. Roosevelt has grown up with the new tendency in social evolution, he has the confidence of the majority in this country, he has behind him the working class and the tens of millions that depended on relief. If he is re-elected, the process of social transformation can so continue, and in a peaceful manner we may bring about this transformation. But suppose that a Republican should be elected President. By the very nature of the case, he will be compelled to make a radical change; he will be compelled to stop relief altogether or greatly to reduce it, he will be compelled to put a check upon the trade unions. All this

he will be able to do, but he will not be able to find employment for the millions that are unemployed, he will not be able to find employment for the billions of dollars that lie idle, he will not be able to regenerate the economic system resting on private capitalism, and he will not be able to revive business and to restore prosperity. What, then, will be the result? The result will be the same as that which faced this country when Roosevelt first entered the White House. The banks will close, business will be at a standstill, tens of millions of workers will be out of employment, and the American people will suffer misery and privation. How will the new Republican President meet this situation ? H e will not be able to meet the same situation as Roosevelt met it six years ago, for the people will not have confidence in him. Besides on the political horizon there is not a Republican great enough to inspire the confidence of the American people. The result will be a bloody revolution— a revolution that will bring infinite suffering upon the American people. And what will this revolution accomplish? It will accomplish nothing else than what the Russian revolution accomplished; the result will be state capitalism and fascism. Since state capitalism is inevitable, whether it comes with or without a revolution, it is rational that we accept state capitalism and fascism without a revolution. It therefore follows that the Jews should support Roosevelt and his measures that are in the direction of state capitalism and fascism. And what is true in this country is equally true of all other countries. Since the Jews will identify themselves with the new social order, the other nations will rather welcome the Jews. And since state capitalism and fascism will become the social order in all other countries and the Jews will be welcomed there, then Nazi Germany and Fascist Italy will have to reconcile themselves with the Jews for the reason that Nazi Germany and Fascist Italy will have to reconcile themselves with the other countries.

25. Any new social order that has to overcome an existing decaying social order necessarily meets with violent opposition and for this reason the new social order must be violent itself. State capitalism and fascism must be violent, since it meets with

violent opposition from the upholders of the present social order. And since the Jews are opposed to the new social order, and the Jews are helpless, it is natural that the violence of the new social order should affect the Jews first. But in proportion as the new social order becomes established, in that proportion the necessity for violence diminishes, and the new social order becomes rational and humane. In time the Stalins and the Hitlers will pass away, and together with them will also pass away their ideology and their violence. A new generation will come that will no longer harbor the illusions and the ambitions of the present Stalins and Hitlers, and will want to live in peace and enjoy the good will of others. When nations are at war with one another, they hate one another, and they endeavor to destroy one another. At this time, each nation cannot find words enough and cruel enough to express their hatred and contempt for the other nation. We saw this in the recent World War. But when the war is over, peace is established, and a few years pass away, and these nations forget their former hatreds and their bitter words. And so it is in this case. Now that the nazis and the fascists are fighting for the new social order, the nazis and the fascists hate the Jews and all those that are opposed to the new social order. But, let the new social order be established, then the hatred and violence will disappear. Hence, while during the rage of the violent hurricane that sweeps over the world the Jews will suffer; when the rage of the hurricane will subside the Jews will no longer suffer; the Jews will adjust themselves to the new social order, and the upholders of the new social order will adjust themselves to the Jews.

26. There is another aspect of the matter that we must consider. I showed before that fascism is the beginning of socialism. Socialism was the dream and hope of the working class. and socialism was expected to be a social order resting on reason, justice, democracy and humanity. But we see that socialism in its realization turned out to be the opposite; it is opposite, not only in Nazi Germany, but also in Soviet Russia. How can this be explained? This question touches a deep aspect of history. I must begin by referring to another case. In ancient

times, when a man was murdered, the next of kin of the murdered person were under the duty to avenge the murder, to find the murderer and to kill him, for murder could not be left unavenged. But, in avenging the murder, the avengers themselves became murderers. In turn, the avengers of the first murderer were themselves murdered by the next of kin of the first murderer. And so, once a murder was committed, and an endless chain of murders followed, one murder gave birth to numerous murders, and this continued from generation to generation. How could this be stopped? There was only one way: it could be stopped only by the state assuming the burden of becoming a murderer. The state avenged the first murder by killing the murderer, and thus relieved the next of kin of the murdered person from becoming murderers, and of the danger of being murdered in turn. In this manner, while the state assumed the burden of becoming a murderer, it enabled the members of society to become ever more humane and moral. Naive sentimentalists never realized the infinite service that the state thus rendered to mankind. This was true in all cases. While the state assumed ever more burdens, the members of society were enabled to become humane and moral. This will enable us to understand the nature and function of state capitalism and fascism. The supreme task that now presents itself to mankind is to abolish the exploitation of human labor for the profit of the individual capitalist, and to regulate the production and distribution of the means of life in accordance with a rational and organized plan. But mankind are not yet able, of their accord, to abolish the exploitation of human labor for profit and to establish a rational and organized system of production and distribution of the means of life. But history demands that this should be accomplished. For this purpose the state is called to the fore to perform this great historic task. It is the historic function of state capitalism to abolish the exploitation of human labor for profit and to abolish the anarchy in production and distribution. How can the state accomplish this? It can accomplish this in only one way: by itself becoming the exploiter of human labor and determine production and distribution in ac-

cordance with an organized plan. The exploitation of human labor means profit. The profits system must be abolished; but, since mankind are not yet prepared for a profitless system, the state must exploit for profit. Hence the state now steps into the shoes of the private capitalists, the state exploits the working class, and the state appropriates the profits from that exploitation. And, while the state is the exploiter and the appropriator of all profits, the members of society are freed from the necessity and deprived of the incentive to exploit human labor for profit. Since the state must perform this function in the face of universal opposition, the state must become fascistic and despotic. Exploitation was always cruel and despotic; but so long as the private capitalists had the privilege to exploit human labor and to tyrannize over the workers, so long the private capitalists did not regard exploitation and dictatorship as evils. But now that the state assumes this function, the private capitalists condemn state capitalism and fascism. But, just as in the case of murder we saw that, by assuming the burden of punishing the murderer, the state enabled mankind to become humane and moral, so also in this case, by assuming the burden of exploiting human labor and appropriating the resulting profit, the state enables the members of society to wean themselves from the immorality and inhumanity of exploiting human labor and to tyrannize over the working class. When, at last, mankind will completely wean themselves from this pernicious habit, when they will become morally autonomous, so that of their own accord they will no longer want to exploit human labor, and they will not want to dictate to others, only then will all exploitation and dictatorship be done away with. And then, also, mankind will fully realize that state capitalism and fascism have rendered to mankind an infinite service. Not state capitalism and fascism are to be blamed, but we are to be blamed that we cannot utilize all our great achievements in a rational, just and humane manner. The very fact that we cannot yet have socialism and that we must have state capitalism, this fact shows how immature we are. W e brought out a mechanism of production and distribution which can meet all

requirements of mankind, and there is no longer any need for struggles, wars and revolutions. And yet we are so far behind our material achievements, that we will rather perish through wars and revolutions than use our mechanism of production and distribution rationally and enjoy the good of life at our command. Since we are still so immature, we must bear the consequences. If we do not accept state capitalism and fascism, we will be forced by history back to barbarism. Let the barbarians go back to barbarism, but the Jews are not barbarians, and they cannot go back to barbarism. For the Jews there is only one course open, namely, to accept state capitalism and fascism .

27. But I am told: Now that in the democratic countries the indignation of the Christians has been aroused against the barbarities of the nazis in Germany, now that the American people are becoming anti-fascistic, is this the time for the Jews to proffer reconciliation to the nazis and fascists ? My answer is this: It is right and proper for the Christians to rise in indignation against the barbarities of the nazis and the fascists, for these barbarities are a disgrace to the Christians and Christianity. Christianity is now on trial, and the Christians are justly ashamed of what Christians are doing in Nazi Germany and Fascist Italy. If, after thousands of years of Christianity, the Christians are still barbarians, then Christianity has failed. Would the barbarians in Germany and Italy have been worse if they had never known of Christianity? We know that the pagans before the advent of Christianity were far above the barbarians in Germany and Italy, who have been Christians for nearly two thousand years. If Christianity had no effect upon the Christians, then Christianity has no reason for existence; and, since it has no reason for existence, it cannot and will not exist. This is the spiritual tragedy that faces the Christian nations. But the barbarities of the nazis and the fascists are not a disgrace to Judaism and the Jews, and the Jews have no reason to be indignant. The Christians cannot and should not acquiesce in the barbarities of the nazis and the fascists, for in them this will he cowardice and moral turpitude, but in the Jews

this will rather manifest virtue and strength of mind. By extending to the nazis and the fascists the hand of reconciliation, the Jews will render to the Christians a great service, and thus will win the gratitude of the Christians, for it will take away from them the moral shame. The Jews can now serve the cause of humanity and peace. If at this time the Jews sincerely endeavor to promote humanity and peace, by this they will prove themselves worthy of Judaism, whose supreme mission in the world is to promote humanity and peace. But I am asked: Will not this mean a cowardly capitulation of the Jews to the nazis and the fascists, will not this mean a giving up of the struggle against barbarity and inhumanity. Should the Jews cowardly capitulate to their enemies, who are determined to destroy the Jews? My answer is this: My program is just a program for a supreme struggle against the enemies of the Jews, it is a program for a heroic struggle against barbarity and inhumanity. It is not a question, whether the Jews should struggle; it is a question, how the Jews should struggle? The method of struggle pursued until now was both irrational and ineffective, and only aggravated the situation for the Jews. But my program calls for a rational and effective struggle. This we shall presently see.

28. The Rabbis tell us: He is a hero who controls his will; he that controls his anger is stronger than a hero; and he who rules his spirit is stronger than he who conquers a city. Spinoza tells us: The virtue of a rational person is seen to be as great in avoiding danger as in overcoming it. Flight at the proper time, just as well as fighting, is to be reckoned, therefore, as showing strength of mind in a man who is rational; that is to say, a rational man chooses flight by the same strength or presence of mind as that by which he chooses battle. In other words, stupid and blind audacity is just as cowardly as cowardly flight. False pride and stupid vanity may induce the coward to fight, but reason will dictate the acceptance of an inevitable defeat, so that we may avoid still greater suffering, and that we may utilize ourselves and the opportunities to our greater profit. The question before us is this: which course is rational

and effective, to continue a futile and hopeless fight against the nazis and the fascists, simply because we once stupidly started this fight; or to recognize the futility and stupidity of this fight, and to endeavor to make peace with the nazis and the fascists? Is this a novel question ? Throughout past history mankind had to answer this question an infinite number of times, and the Jews themselves had to answer this question many times. Shakespeare said: He who fights and runs away will live to fight another day. Consider but two historic events which we witnessed only twenty years ago. The Germans conquered the Russians in the recent World War, and at the Brest Litovsk peace treaty Lenin advised to submit to a most humiliating peace treaty. The Germans in their arrogance imposed a most inhuman and humiliating peace treaty upon the Russians. And yet, what was the result? In a short time the Russians cleared Russia of the Germans and the peace treaty disappeared. Later the Allied Powers similarly imposed upon the Germans a humiliating and cruel peace treaty. Well, where is that treaty now ? Who is now the master in Europe, France and England, or Germany? Why should not the Jews learn from history? It takes a great man, like Lenin, to accept a humiliating defeat, in order that out of the defeat to create a triumphant victory. unfortunately the Jews do not have such a great leader as Lenin was, and this is the tragedy of the Jews. I ask the Jews in this country: suppose they were in Germany, what would they do, would they fight the Nazis? Would not the proud Jews in this country, like the Jews in Germany, submit to the nazis? But the Jews in this country say, it is different for them here, here they must fight the nazis and the fascists. Yes, it is different for the Jews in this country, for the Jews in this country are secure and safe, and the fight against the nazis and the fascists does not cost much, and it does not involve any risk or danger. Oh, what heroes the Jews in this country are ! The Jews in this country boycott German goods, what a terrible deprivation this is to the Jews! Do they miss the German goods? In this blessed country, the richest and most bountiful country, one can live a thousand years, and enjoy the greatest

abundance of the gifts of nature and the products of human labor, without missing one single article produced in Germany. Is this a struggle, is this a fight? Only stupid babies living in the nursery can in their stupid imagination magnify this stupidity into the semblance of a heroic fight. This is not a struggle; it is a cowardly capitulation to vanity and stupidity. But what the Jews overlook and they refuse to recognize is that by this stupid boycott they aggravate the position of the Jews in Germany. In their vanity and stupidity the Jews in this country do not realize how inhuman and cruel it is to sacrifice the Jews in Germany in order to satisfy a stupid, and insane vanity. The Jews in this country cackle about self-respect and Jewish honor, what self-respect and honor do these Jews have? Is this self-respect and honor to sacrifice half a million Jews in Germany for the sake of false pride and stupid vanity? What moral cowardice this is! These Jews call my program a cowardly capitulation to the nazis and the fascists. Well, let these Jews try to overcome their false pride and stupid vanity, will they find it to be an easy task? But my program calls for just this: to overcome the false pride and stupid vanity that dictated the policy of the Jews until now. Let the Jews come out from their nursery, and let them face the reality and act rationally. Six years passed since the Jews outside of Germany declared war against Nazi Germany and Fascist Italy. The Jews will never admit that the recent pogroms had much to do with their stupid boycott. If, instead of wasting valuable time on a futile and hopeless struggle, the Jews had used these years for constructive work to help the Jews in distress, infinitely more good would have been accomplished. Hatred cannot be overcome by hatred; and, since the Jews want peace, they should be the first to endeavor to secure peace. The Jews must endeavor to understand nazism from the nazi viewpoint, and fascism from the fascist viewpoint. Self-preservation and self-interest should dictate to the Jews this policy. This course is as effective practically as it is morally justified.

29. But suppose that the Jews changed their attitude towards the nazis and the fascists; suppose that the Jews made an honest

and sincere attempt to make peace with the nazis and the fascists; and suppose that, notwithstanding all this, the nazis and the fascists will not change their attitude towards the Jews; suppose that the nazis and the fascists will persist in their determination to destroy the Jews—what will the Jews accomplish? The Jews will accomplish a moral and historic victory over the nazis and the fascists. The Jews will justify themselves before mankind, before posterity and before history. We must not forget this. A nation may become insane, but it cannot remain insane all the time, for then it will perish. Next, though one or two nations may become insane mankind cannot and will not become insane. Under the stress of exceptional circumstances, a nation may become inhuman and brutal, but a nation cannot long remain inhuman and brutal, for it will be destroyed. We are now passing through an unusually trying period but it will not last long. Whatever may be the outcome of the impending world struggles, mankind will regain their sanity and their moral nature. And before that humanity the Jews will justify themselves, if they themselves act rationally and morally. The Jews can afford to be magnanimous and just even to the nazis and the fascists. Now that the democratic countries are preparing themselves for a struggle with the fascist countries, now is the proper time for the Jews to bring to mankind the message of peace. It is not for the Jews to foment strife and to inflame the passions for war. But all this requires a strength of mind and a moral virtue which infinitely transcend the pretended virtue of fighting a stupid and hopeless fight. Hence it will not lie in the mouth of any one to say that my program is a defeatist program; on the contrary, my program is a program of supreme effort and heroic struggle, because it is a struggle against ourselves, against our own false pride and vanity. Are the Jews ready to take up this heroic struggle ? If so, they will overcome their enemies; the Jews will overcome their enemies by converting them into friends. Suppose you and I were bitter enemies of each other; suppose that openly and honestly I endeavored to reconcile myself with you; at first, you would say that I was a hypocrite and you would suspect that I was schem-

ing to do you harm. But if I honestly and openly endeavored to reconcile myself with you, you would be compelled to change your attitude towards me. Perhaps you would never like me, but you would not continue to hate me; your hatred would lose the reason for its existence, and it would wear off. It is the same with the nazis and the fascists. If the Jews honestly and openly made peace with the nazis and the fascists, no matter what at first the nazis and the fascists would say about the Jews, in time the nazis and the fascists would change their attitude towards the Jews. And even if the nazis and the fascists would never like the Jews, they could not continue to hate them, and in time their hatred would wear off. Hence, from whatever angle we view the problem before us, the solution is the same. The Jews must give up their struggle against nazism and fascism, they must reconcile themselves with the nazis and the fascists, and they must have confidence in mankind and in history.

30. I stated at the outset that the adoption of a program to meet a universal and permanent situation requires a change of ideas, a change of philosophy and a change of the mode of life. I also stated that, to overcome the evil of fascism, we must first understand fascism from the viewpoint of the fascists. This, however, is not enough. To overcome the evil of fascism, the Jews must also understand themselves. In facing a new social order, the Jews must examine themselves to find out whether, as they are and have come out from the past historic crucible, they are fit for the new social order. In addition, the Jews must have the courage to hear attentively and consider seriously what their enemies say about them. The enemies will exaggerate the faults and the vices of the Jews, but there is much in what the enemies of the Jews say about them which is true, and the Jews must make a supreme effort to overcome those faults and vices. The Jews must do this, not so much for the sake of pleasing their enemies, as for their own sake. It is high time that the Jews assume full responsibility for what they are. They are no longer infants living in the nursery; they are the maturest people on earth, and therefore they should act as mature per-

sons. Next to this, the Jews must completely change their attitude to life. In what this consists, we will see later. So much for the economico-political aspect of the world situation that faces the Jews. And now we will take up for consideration the biologico-cultural aspect of the world situation.

THE BIOLOGICO-CULTURAL ASPECT

And I will make of thee a great nation, and I will bless thee, and make thy name great; and be thou a blessing. And I w ill bless them that bless thee, and him that curseth thee will I curse; and in thee shall all the families of the earth be blessed. —GENESIS: xii.

For all the land which thou seest, to thee will I give it, and to thy seed forever. And I will make thy seed as the dust of the earth; so that if a man can number the dust of the earth, then shall thy seed also be numbered. Arise, walk through the earth in the length of it and in the breadth of it; for unto thee will I give it. —GENESIS: xii.

And Aaron cast down his rod before Pharoah and before his servants, and it became a serpent. Then Pharoah also called for the wise men and the sorcerers; and they also the magicians of Egypt, did in like manner with their secret arts. For they cast down every man his rod, and they became serpents; but Aaron's rod swallowed up their rods. —EXODUS: vii.

And they hired Balaam against the children of Israel, to curse them; howbeit our God turned the curse into a blessing. —NEHEMIAH: xiii.

31. In speaking of the economico-political world situation that faces the Jews and mankind generally, I spoke of fascism as comprehending nazism and communism, signifying the political form of state capitalism. But now that I come to speak of the biologico-cultural aspect of the world situation, I will speak of nazism. Nazism is economico-politically fascism, but nazism is more than fascism; in addition to being the political form of state capitalism, nazism is also anti-Semitism. The anti-Semitism of fascism is due to nazism. I will use the term

nazism as comprehending all forms of anti-Semitism. Anti-Semitism is as old as the Jews are. As soon as the Jews appeared on the historic stage, anti-Semitism appeared. Since then, wherever the Jews were and are, and to the extent of their numbers in any country, there was and is anti-Semitism. What is the nature of anti-Semitism? Much has been written about anti-Semitism, its literature is vast and dates from the remotest antiquity. And yet, if one were to spend years on the study of this literature, in the end he will be no wiser than he was in the beginning; and this for the reason that until now the true nature of anti-Semitism was not understood. Anti-Semitism may appear to be racial, religious or economic in its nature, but in essence it is infinitely deeper than all that. Anti-Semitism is the mortal dread of Judaism and the Jews. A religion does not fall from the sky, nor does it arise from historic or material conditions; a religion is the manifestation of the soul of a race or of a people; it manifests the destiny of the race or of the people. The destiny is intuitively perceived by the foremost of the race or of the people. And this is the reason why a race or a people rises and falls together with its religion. This means that the race or the people rises and falls with its soul. The Jews differ from all other races and peoples because of Judaism; Judaism differs from all other religions because of Jehovah; and Jehovah differs from all other gods. All other gods dwell in heaven. For this reason, all other religions are concerned about heaven, and they promise all reward in heaven after death. For this reason, all other religions negate the earth and the material world and are indifferent to the well-being and progress of mankind on this earth. But Jehovah comes down from heaven to dwell on this earth and to embody himself in mankind. For this reason, Judaism concerns itself only about this earth and promises all reward right here on this earth. The Kingdom of God is to be realized right here on this earth. The immortality which men are to enjoy, they will enjoy right here on this earth. God assumes his holiest name, Jehovah, only on this earth and when embodied in man. This is the reason why Jehovah promised to give this earth an eternal inheritance to those that

will identify themselves with Jehovah. All that identify themselves with Jehovah are Jews, they are the children of Jehovah. This is the soul and essence of Judaism, and this is the soul of the Jews.

32. All through the past, the anti-Semites perceived intuitively, though vaguely, that the Jews will inherit this earth, and that all other races will either disappear altogether or they will become Jews and they will together with the Jews inherit this earth. This was the mortal dread of the anti-Semites. It was the dread that is felt by one who faces the yawning mouth of the serpent who is about to swallow him. Judaism appeared to the anti-Semites as a serpent that is about to swallow them. It was not only the dread of death but worse still, it was the dread of being swallowed by the serpent Judaism and be turned into Jews. Every individual being endeavors to persevere in its being. And this is also true of man. Man wants to exist forever, but he wants to exist as he is. For an anti-Semite to be converted into a Jew is worse than death. This seemed to the anti-Semites as being converted into an inferior being, since they regarded the Jews as being inferior to themselves. This was and is the mortal dread of the anti-Semites. In the past, the anti-Semites were only vaguely aware of this, but now the anti-Semites have become fully conscious of this. This definite intuition of the anti-Semites of today found a most definite expression in Hitler's work: Mein Kampf. This book contains the philosophy of the anti-Semites. I do not know whether Hitler wrote this book all by himself, or others helped him write this, but this is certain. most of the ideas contained in this book are not original either with Hitler or with the nazis; most of the ideas are as old as anti-Semitism is. But Hitler's book is historically significant for the following reasons. First, it contains a most definite expression of the philosophy of anti-Semitism, it most definitely reveals the true nature of anti-Semitism. Secondly, this book has become the Bible of all anti-Semites, and it will have a wide influence upon mankind. It is therefore of vital interest to the Jews to know and understand what this hook contains. For this reason I will consider the philosophy

contained in this book. Every system of thought centers around one idea, which is the soul of the whole system of thought. To understand this one idea, it is necessary to know the whole system of thought; but to understand the whole system of thought, we must first understand this one idea. I will therefore begin with this one idea, which is the soul of the nazi philosophy, and which is now the soul of the philosophy of anti-Semitism. This idea is involved in the nature of nazism.

33. What is nazism ? Nazism is an imitation of Judaism; nazism adopted the principles and ideas of Judaism with which to destroy Judaism and the Jews. This alone places Hitler on the same level with Balaam. And, first, we must acquaint ourselves with Balaam. Of all anti-Semites that ever lived, Balaam was the greatest. His greatness is attested in three ways. First, the Bible tells us that Jehovah spoke to Balaam, and that Balaam believed in Jehovah. This alone shows that Balaam was great; the mere fact that Jehovah spoke to Balaam makes him great. Next, the Talmud tells us that Balaam was even greater than Moses. The Bible tells us that among the Jews there never was and never will be a prophet as great as Moses was. The Talmud tells us: among the Jews, but among the other nations there was one that was even greater than Moses and that was Balaam. The Talmud tells us the reason why Balaam was greater than Moses. When in the Last Day of Judgment Jehovah will judge the nations, the nations will say to Jehovah: If Thou hadst sent to us a prophet like Moses, we would also have accepted Thy Torah. To this Jehovah will answer: I sent to you Balaam, who was even greater than Moses, and yet you did not accept My Torah. But the greatness of Balaam appears in the method he used for the purposes of destroying the Jews. Let us consider the facts as told in the Bible.

34. The Jews were approaching the Promised Land. On their way they conquered the nations that warred against the Jews. Now the Jews were near the land of the Moabites, and the Moabites were overcome with dread. Balak, the king of the Moabites, knew very well that his people were no match against the Jews; he also knew that the Jews would destroy

the Moabites and the other neighboring nations, unless they all united against the Jews. But how could the other nations be made to realize the danger that faced them all and to induce them to unite together with the Moabites against the Jews? There was only one way, to call upon Balaam, who was famous among the nations, to come to curse the Jews. What w as the nature of that curse? Balaam was required to convince the nations that the Jews were an inferior race and a menace to the nations, and that they must all unite to destroy the Jews: otherwise, the Jews would destroy them. Balaam, however, told Balak that he could say only that which Jehovah would tell him to say. However, Balak hoped that Balaam would say otherwise. When Balaam came to Balak, the latter prepared for Balaam a prominent place on a mountain, invited the representatives of the neighboring nations, and made sacrifices to the gods. Balaam delivered four addresses; but, instead of cursing the Jews, he rather praised them and blessed them. And yet, the Bible tells us that Jehovah turned the curses of Balaam into blessings? What curses? Balaam did not curse the Jews; he rather praised and blessed them. Here, then. is a mystery; but we will presently understand the mystery.

35. In any struggle between men, whether it be a struggle on the battle-field, on the political arena, on the economic terrain or in the realm of thought, ordinary men fight their adversary by endeavoring to belittle the adversary, to treat him with contempt and to ridicule him. This is a suicidal method, for by this they shut their eyes to the merits and virtues of the adversary, and for this they pay a terrible penalty. But the great man fully recognizes the merits and virtues of the adversary, endeavors to acquire those merits and virtues, and thus prepares himself to meet the adversary successfully. By this alone we can recognize the great man. This was the method used by Balaam. Because Balaam knew Jehovah, he fully recognized the merits and virtues of the Jews. In the four addresses, Balaam sought to convince the nations that, unless they acquired the merits and virtues of the Jews, the Jews would destroy them. This was the reason why Balaam praised and blessed the Jews. In what,

then, consisted the curse? It consisted in this. Balaam did not praise and bless the Jews for their sake, but he praised and blessed the Jews for the sake of the nations, that the nations should acquire the merits and virtues of the Jews, and thus be able to destroy the Jews. The curse was not in what he said, but in the purpose. And now, how did Jehovah turn the curse into a blessing ? Jehovah turned the purpose of Balaam into a blessing. Balaam intended that the nations should endeavor to acquire the merits and virtues of the Jews, in order to be able to destroy the Jews; but this very purpose turned into a blessing. By endeavoring to acquire the merits and virtues of the Jews, the nations would become Jews. And so, instead of destroying the Jews, the nations would themselves become Jews and join the Jews. Thus Jehovah defeated the purpose of Balaam. History repeats itself. Since the days of Balaam, Hitler is the first great anti-Semite that adopted Balaam's method. Hitler fully recognized the merits and virtues of the Jews, and he convinced himself that, unless the Aryan nations will unite against the Jews, the Jews will destroy them. To convince the Aryan nations of this, Hitler wrote his work, Mein Kampf. In this book Hitler endeavors to convince the Aryan nations that the Jews are a world menace, that they would destroy the Aryans, their culture and their world, and would inherit the earth. But to convince the Aryans of this, Hitler, like Balaam, recognizes the merits and virtues of the Jews, and advises the Aryan nations to endeavor to acquire those merits and virtues; otherwise, they will be destroyed by the Jews. Since the days of Balaam, Hitler is the first anti-Semite that was great enough to adopt this method. But, like Balaam Hitler does not perceive that, if the Aryan nations endeavor to acquire the merits and virtues of the Jews, they will also become Jews, and then they will join the Jews. And so, as in the case of Balaam, Jehovah turns the curses of Hitler into a blessing. We shall presently see how the curses of Hitler turn into a blessing.

36. I stated that nazism is an imitation of Judaism; nazism adopted the principles and ideas of Judaism with which to destroy Judaism and the Jews. But this, too, was already anti-

cipated in the Bible. The Bible tells us that, when Moses and Aaron came to Pharoah to tell him that Jehovah demanded that the Jews be released from bondage and exploitation, Pharoah demanded proof that Jehovah had sent them. What Pharoah wanted was this: that Moses and Aaron should prove that, in the end, the Jews will prevail over the non-Jews. And this was the proof that they gave. Aaron cast his rod on the ground, and the rod became a serpent. Then Pharoah ordered his own wise men, the so